NIW for Professors
University professors may qualify for an EB2 National Interest Waiver when they satisfy the underlying EB2 requirements and establish that their proposed endeavor meets the three-part Matter of Dhanasar framework.
Tenure, faculty rank and employment at a prestigious university do not automatically establish NIW eligibility. The analysis focuses on the professor’s specific proposed endeavor, its prospective impact and the professor’s ability to advance it.
For the broader framework, review NIW for researchers.
Step One: Establish EB2 Eligibility
Before USCIS evaluates the national interest waiver, the professor must qualify for EB2 as either:
- a member of the professions holding an advanced degree or equivalent; or
- an individual of exceptional ability in the sciences, arts or business.
Many university professors qualify through advanced-degree education, but the underlying EB2 requirement should still be documented separately.
The Three Dhanasar Prongs
The petitioner must establish that:
- the proposed endeavor has substantial merit and national importance;
- the professor is well positioned to advance the proposed endeavor; and
- on balance, it would benefit the United States to waive the job-offer and labor-certification requirements.
What Is a Professor’s Proposed Endeavor?
The proposed endeavor should describe what the professor plans to accomplish in the United States rather than merely identify the job title.
A statement such as “I will continue working as a professor of engineering” may provide too little information.
A stronger endeavor description may identify:
- the research problems the professor intends to address;
- the methods or technologies involved;
- the expected scholarly or practical impact;
- future publications or research programs;
- anticipated collaborations;
- how the research may be implemented; and
- the broader implications of the work.
Research Versus Ordinary Teaching Duties
Teaching can have substantial merit, but simply showing that higher education is important does not necessarily establish that a professor’s specific endeavor has national importance.
Where the NIW case relies primarily on research, the petition should explain the broader prospective impact of that research rather than relying only on routine classroom responsibilities.
National Importance
National importance focuses on the prospective impact of the particular proposed endeavor.
A professor may establish broader implications through work involving areas such as:
- public health;
- critical technologies;
- artificial intelligence;
- energy;
- environmental protection;
- national security;
- advanced manufacturing;
- education policy;
- infrastructure;
- economic competitiveness; or
- other nationally significant interests.
The petition should connect the professor’s actual work to those broader interests.
Well Positioned to Advance the Endeavor
A professor’s evidence under the second Dhanasar prong may include:
- academic training;
- research experience;
- peer-reviewed publications;
- citations;
- research grants;
- patents;
- peer-review service;
- awards;
- prior research accomplishments;
- leadership of research projects;
- important collaborations; and
- institutional resources supporting future work.
Publications
NIW does not require a particular number of scholarly publications.
Publications can demonstrate subject-matter expertise, prior research productivity and a record of work related to the proposed endeavor.
Citations
There is no fixed NIW citation minimum.
Citations may provide evidence that other scholars have relied upon or discussed the professor’s research and can therefore support the well-positioned analysis.
Review NIW citation requirements.
Research Grants
Competitive research funding can be useful evidence of a professor’s ability to carry out a proposed research program.
The significance may depend on the funding source, competitiveness, size of the award and professor’s individual role.
Principal Investigator Experience
Serving as principal investigator may help demonstrate research leadership and ability to execute complex projects.
PI status is not an independent NIW requirement, so the petition should explain what the experience demonstrates.
Peer Review and Editorial Service
Journal peer review and editorial activities can help show that other professionals rely on the professor’s expertise.
These activities are supporting evidence rather than separate NIW criteria.
Recommendation Letters
Independent researchers may explain how the professor’s research affects the field, while collaborators may provide first-hand evidence concerning specific research accomplishments.
Letters should address concrete facts and should be supported by objective documentation where possible.
Institutional Support
Although NIW does not require a permanent job offer, evidence of university resources can help establish the feasibility of the professor’s future research plan.
Relevant evidence may include laboratory access, institutional appointments, grant support, research teams or collaborations.
Tenure Is Not Required
A professor does not need tenure to seek NIW classification.
Assistant professors, associate professors, lecturers with substantial research programs and other qualifying academics may potentially qualify depending on their EB2 eligibility and NIW evidence.
NIW Versus EB1B for Professors
EB1B requires employer sponsorship, qualifying employment, at least three years of teaching or research experience and international recognition as outstanding.
NIW permits self-petitioning and uses the Dhanasar framework instead.
NIW Versus EB1A for Professors
EB1A requires extraordinary ability and sustained national or international acclaim.
NIW does not require extraordinary ability, but the professor must establish EB2 eligibility and all three Dhanasar prongs.
Common Professor NIW Problems
- describing the proposed endeavor only as teaching at a university;
- relying on the general importance of the academic field;
- assuming tenure establishes national importance;
- listing publications without connecting them to the proposed endeavor;
- using citation counts without explaining their significance;
- failing to distinguish past achievements from future plans; and
- failing to address all three Dhanasar prongs.
Primary Legal Sources
- USCIS Policy Manual, National Interest Waivers
- Matter of Dhanasar, 26 I&N Dec. 884 (AAO 2016)
- 8 C.F.R. § 204.5(k)
Contact The Messersmith Law Firm to request an NIW evaluation.
This page provides general immigration information and is not legal advice.